Determining risk sources and strategies among farmers of contrasting risk awareness: A case study for Cukurova region of Turkey     

H. Akcaoz  B. Ozkan   《Journal of Arid Environments》2005,62(4):661-675

In this paper, the results of a survey conducted in the Cukurova region of Turkey are presented. The aim of this research is to identify groups of farmers who differ in their risk sources and risk management strategies. The respondents to the survey were divided into three risk attitude groups, risk averse, risk seeking and risk neutral. Factor analysis has been conducted on information obtained from 112 farmers in 2000. From the findings of the research, risk sources were labelled as environmental, price, catastrophe, input costs, production and technological, political, finance, personal, marketing, health and social security. The dimensions of risk strategies were named as diversification, off-farm income, marketing, planning, financing and security.  相似文献   

黄河三角洲湿地资源地质环境评价与保护对策研究          下载免费PDF全文

王强  张红军  张太平  王薇  刘洋  赵慧  王奎峰  张瑞华 《山东国土资源》2018,34(5)

黄河三角洲是中国唯一一块保存最完整、最典型、最年轻的湿地生态系统,由于其地理位置优越、自然资源丰富等特点,在国际上备受关注。该文在已有资料分析、现场地质调查、遥感数据分析的基础上,构建了黄河三角洲湿地资源地质环境评价指标体系,采用定量与定性相结合的方法,将黄河三角洲湿地地质环境质量分为5个等级(优、良、一般、较差和差),研究结果表明,该地区19个县(市、区)中湿地地质环境资源质量为良的有8个,质量一般的为11个,总体处于健康-疾病的临界状态。并基于以上研究成果,针对性地提出了黄河三角洲湿地资源保护对策。  相似文献   

广东省海洋生态环境现状及保护对策建议          下载免费PDF全文

胡平  严淑青  石萍  郑兆勇  林丽茹 《海洋开发与管理》2020,37(6):115-120

广东省作为海洋强省，海洋经济总量连续多年居全国首位，不断助力海洋强国建设。海洋生态环境的有效保护是海洋经济高质量发展的重要前提，文章在分析广东省近年来海洋生态环境状况、面临的机遇和挑战的基础上，提出海洋生态环境保护的建议，主要包括：健全源头管控，制定各类型入海排污口管控措施，实施动态监管；开展入海江河整治，减少入海营养盐负荷，逐步建立“河长制”和“湾长制”的衔接机制；加强用海风险防范，严控海洋环境风险，构建事前防范、事后管控、事后处置的全过程海洋生态风险防范体系；实施洁净海岸带工程，强化海洋生态修复，提升公众亲海岸线的生态空间品质；强化海洋资源高效利用，坚持海洋经济绿色发展，加快推动海洋经济高质量发展；推动人才队伍建设，保障监测技能提能增效，提升全省海洋环境监测信息化水平。  相似文献   

Recultivation of abandoned agricultural lands in Ukraine: Patterns and drivers     

《Global Environmental Change》2016

The recent rise in agricultural commodity prices and the expectation that high price will persist have triggered a wave of farmland expansion in regions where land resources are still available. One such region is the former Soviet Union, where the collapse of socialism caused massive agricultural abandonment and where some of these lands are now being brought back into production. Yet, the extent and spatial patterns of recultivation, and what determines these patterns, remains unclear. We examined the extent of recultivation of abandoned agricultural land in Ukraine since 2007 using a new, satellite-based recultivation map and assessed the effect of biophysical and socioeconomic determinants on recultivation patterns using boosted regression trees. We found key predictors of recultivation to be related to the suitability of land for agriculture (i.e., soil quality, temperature). Accessibility to major cities was also important, with most recultivation happening closer to settlements, but this influence varied across Ukraine. Variables related to agricultural management (fertilizer input, mechanization) and demography were negligible in explaining recultivation in our analyses. These factors suggest that recultivation patterns were primarily driven by factors related to land productivity, with recultivation focusing on the most promising areas. Given the remaining large amount of unused agricultural land in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, and considering that much abandonment occurred in areas only marginally suited to agriculture, our findings provide important insights into where recultivation can be expected to happen and thus for assessing the potential socioeconomic and environmental impacts of recultivation.  相似文献   

山岭隧道工程综合地质勘察方法探讨     

刘衡秋 《城市地质》2016,(4):34-38

山岭隧道工程具有隐蔽性、施工复杂性、地层条件和周围环境不确定性等特点,采用科学的勘察方法,是查明隧道岩土体工程地质条件的有效手段。本文以海淀区西山隧道为依托,针对隧道工程勘察中的关键地质问题,运用工程地质测绘、钻探、工程物探、水文地质勘查等综合勘察方法,有效地查明隧址区的地质构造、岩土体结构和地下水分布特征,全面、客观地评价隧道进出口段边坡及仰坡稳定性、隧道围岩质量与稳定性、隧道涌水量、地应力及有害气体等工程地质问题,并针对不良地质现象提出防治对策,以期为工期紧张、地形困难且日趋增多的山岭隧道工程地质勘察,提供可以借鉴的模式和方法。  相似文献   

The Economic Contributions of Agricultural Tourism in Michigan          下载免费PDF全文

Gregory Veeck  Lucius Hallett IV  Deborah Che  Ann Veeck 《Geographical review》2016,106(3):421-440

Family farms have long generated income from agricultural tourism including U‐picks, wagon rides, corn mazes and petting zoos, but contemporary agricultural tourism reflects much greater sophistication in terms of product variety, services, activities, and marketing. In Michigan, farm operators have moved beyond classic products and activities and the traditional consumer base. New sources of revenue derive from classes on beer, cider, mead and wine making, yarn spinning, perfume/soap‐making, farm markets, fishing, educational classes, school tours and hospitality including weddings and on‐farm restaurants. This case study of Michigan agricultural tourism reports results from a systematic survey of 154 agritourism operations conducted throughout the state during summer and fall of 2013 with a focus on the economic benefits of the fast‐changing sector. This study summarizes tax revenues, sales and employment trends for the farm operations participating in the survey but also quantitatively assesses the contribution of agricultural tourism to Michigan's economy through an extrapolation of the sample to estimate state‐wide totals. Results from OLS multivariate regression analysis intended to identify relationships between employment, advertising and scale to gross sales per day are also reported. These analyses show the importance of agricultural tourism to rural and peri‐urban places in Michigan and throughout the nation, while raising concerns about a growing division between large and small operators and what this growing gap may mean for the future of the sector.  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal Distribution of Three Kinds of Flash Droughts over Agricultural Land in China from 1983 to 2015   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xiang Zhang  Nengcheng Chen  Chuli Hu  Xiaoting Peng 《地球科学进展》2018,33(10):1048-1057

At present, flash drought occurs globally and regionally and causes a lot of socio-economic loss in a very short time. Therefore, flash drought has been regarded as one of the hottest issues in drought research. However, flash drought monitoring, prediction and decision-making have encountered a lot of challenges due to its multiple driven factors and complex spatio-temporal process. Aiming at this problem, this paper focused on the agricultural land in China, and analyzed the spatio-temporal distribution of three kinds of flash droughts (i.e., precipitation-deficit, high-temperature, and composite flash droughts) from 1983 to 2015. We studied the occurrences, duration, spatial distribution, temporal distribution, and trend of all three kinds of flash droughts. Our results demonstrated that, the occurrences of flash drought agricultural land in China increased year by year, among which high-temperature flash drought increased dramatically; duration of flash droughts had different trends, but the variations were relatively smooth; Northeast China was identified as a vulnerable area of flash drought, indicating more flash drought events and longer duration; flash droughts in China were found to concentrate in spring (high-temperature drought) and summer seasons (precipitation-deficit drought). This study is helpful for building new flash drought monitoring method and system, and it is also valuable for flash drought preparedness on regional scale.  相似文献   

Studies of Nitrous Oxide Emission from Farmlands in North China     

Wang Shaobin  Su Weihan  Song Wenzhi  Zeng Jianghai  Zhang Yuming 《大气科学进展》1993,10(4):489-496

Measurements of nitrous oxide emission from agricultural lands were conducted. The results show that nitrous oxide fluxes on several soils are at the range of 2-60 μg . N / m2 h. Factors influencing the production rates of nitrous oxide from the soils, such as soil temperature, soil moisture and fertilization, are discussed. The calculated amount of nitrous oxide emission from China farmlands is 9.8 × 107 Kg . N per year, which accounts for about 10% of the total source strength in China areas.  相似文献   

珠江三角洲通信系统震害预测     

张竞  杜修力 《华南地震》1995,15(3):47-51

基于珠江三角洲通信建筑物的调查资料，对典型的通信建筑物做了时程地震反应分析和单体震害预测；对另一些建筑物做了群体震害预测；并就通信设备震害预测问题做了简单评述。  相似文献   

臭氧对农作物的影响研究   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15       下载免费PDF全文

王春乙 《应用气象学报》1995,6(3):343-349

臭氧(O3)是大气微量成分之一。近地层O3含量的增加，将直接影响农作物的生长发育。本文简要介绍了国外有关O3对农作物影响的研究方法和试验研究结果，以及我国有关O3对农作物影响的研究动态。  相似文献